Castilleja purpurea, known as downy Indian paintbrush, is a wildflower native to Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri. The flowers of various subspecies display a wide variety of forms and colors. Blooms may be white, pale yellow, peach, or tinged with pink and the foliage may be green or purple.

The subspecies of C. purpurea are argued to be their own species in the genus Castilleja.

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