Chtenopteryx is a genus of small, muscular, midwater squid in the monotypic family Chtenopterygidae. Four species are presently recognized in the genus, but more are believed to exist.

These squid occupy tropical to subtropical waters, probably at depths of between 500–1,000 m (1,600–3,300 ft) during the day and near-surface waters at night.

The genus contains bioluminescent species.

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