Didymosphenia is a genus of diatoms belonging to the family Cymbellaceae.

The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

• Didymosphenia fossilis Horikawa & Okuno, 1944
• Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngbye) M.Schmidt, 1899
• Didymosphenia lineata Skabichevskii, 1983
• Didymosphenia pumila Metzeltin & Lange-Bertalot, 1995
• Didymosphenia sublinearis Shirshov, 1935
• Didymosphenia tatrensis T.Mrozinska, J.Czerwik-Marcinkowska & M.Gradzinski, 2006

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