Elenchus may refer to:

• Elenchus (brachiopod) Gray, 1843, a genus of brachiopods that is a synonym of Weiningia
• Elenchus (insect) Curtis, 1831, a parasitic insect genus in the family Elenchidae
• Elenchus (book), a third-century book also known as Refutation of All Heresies
• Method of elenchus, a form of cooperative argumentative dialogue, that is the central technique of the Socratic method

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