Microctenopoma is a genus of fish in the Anabantidae (climbing gourami) family. They are native to Africa. Microctenopoma has been included in Ctenopoma in the past; unlike that genus, they are bubblenest builders, and the males defend the eggs and fry until they are free swimming.

The currently recognized species in this genus are:

• Microctenopoma ansorgii (Boulenger, 1912) (ornate ctenopoma)
• Microctenopoma congicum (Boulenger, 1887) (Congo ctenopoma)
• Microctenopoma damasi (Poll & Damas, 1939)
• Microctenopoma fasciolatum (Boulenger, 1899) (banded ctenopoma)
• Microctenopoma intermedium (Pellegrin, 1920)
• Microctenopoma lineatum (Nichols, 1923)
• Microctenopoma milleri (S. M. Norris & M. E. Douglas, 1991)
• Microctenopoma nanum (Günther, 1896) (dwarf ctenopoma)
• Microctenopoma nigricans S. M. Norris, 1995
• Microctenopoma ocellifer (Nichols, 1928)
• Microctenopoma pekkolai (Rendahl (de), 1935)
• Microctenopoma uelense S. M. Norris & M. E. Douglas, 1995

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