Oenomys is a genus of African rodents known as rufous-nosed rats. They occur from south-east Guinea and Ghana through the Congo forest to Uganda and Kenya. The nose is reddish, or at least the cheeks, which suggested both the English and scientific names (oeno- means "wine" and -mys denotes a mouselike animal in Greek).

The two recognised, living species occupy separate geographical ranges:

• Oenomys hypoxanthus (Pucheran, 1855), common rufous-nosed rat
  • Oenomys hypoxanthus albiventris (Eisentraut, 1968), a montane subspecies
• Oenomys ornatus (Thomas, 1911), Ghana rufous-nosed rat
• †Oenomys tiercelini

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