Oligonychus is a genus of mites in the family Tetranychidae, the spider mites. Many members of this genus are familiar pests of plants. There are about 200 described species.

Species include:

• Oligonychus aceris (maple spider mite), a pest of maples
• Oligonychus afrasiaticus (date palm spider mite), a major pest of the date palm in North Africa and the Middle East; also on grasses, including maize
• Oligonychus araneum (grasswebbing mite)
• Oligonychus bicolor (oak red mite), on oaks and other hardwood trees
• Oligonychus biharensis (cassava red mite), many cultivated fruits and ornamental plants
• Oligonychus coffeae (tea red spider mite), "considered to be the most serious pest of tea". Also a pest of coffee, cotton, and jute, and recorded on cashew, African oil palm, rubber, and several fruit crops
• Oligonychus coniferarum, a pest of many conifer trees used for Christmas trees
• Oligonychus gossypii (cotton red mite), cotton, fruits, beans, ornamentals
• Oligonychus ilicis (southern red mite, coffee red mite), a pest of many woody ornamentals, especially azaleas and camellias, first described from American holly (Ilex opaca)
• Oligonychus indicus (sugarcane red spider mite, sugarcane leaf mite), banana and grass crops
• Oligonychus litchii, grasses and palms
• Oligonychus mangiferus (mango spider mite), many fruit crops, sweet potato, cotton, ornamentals
• Oligonychus mcgregori, avocado, cassava, cotton, ornamentals
• Oligonychus milleri (pine spider mite), known from many species of pine
• Oligonychus oryzae (paddy leaf mite, rice leaf mite), a pest of rice
• Oligonychus palus, banana
• Oligonychus perditus, a pest of ornamental conifers, such as juniper bonsai
• Oligonychus perseae (persea mite), a top pest of avocado in California, also on ornamentals
• Oligonychus pratensis (Banks grass mite), corn, turfgrasses
• Oligonychus punicae (ash flower gall mite, avocado brown mite), a pest of avocado
• Oligonychus sacchari (sugarcane yellow mite), on sugarcane and other grasses
• Oligonychus shinkajii, grass crops such as rice, sugarcane, and bamboo
• Oligonychus thelytokus, some fruits, cassava, cotton, and ornamentals
• Oligonychus ununguis (spruce spider mite), a pest of conifers with a preference for spruces
• Oligonychus yothersi (avocado red mite), a pest of yerba mate and avocado
• Oligonychus zeae (maize spider mite), banana and grasses

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