Serianthes nelsonii is a large tree endemic to Guam and Rota of the Mariana Islands. Only one mature tree existed on Guam (until November 2024, when it was announced it perished to the consequences of deforestation by the U.S. Military and the 2023 Typhoon Mawar), while 121 mature trees have been identified on Rota since 1984.

The tree is found in limestone forests in Rota and Guam. It has bipinnately compound leaves and brush-like flowers with long pinkish filaments. Seedpods contain one to seven smooth brown seeds.

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