Astragalus microcephalus is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native from Bulgaria to Iran. It was first described by Carl Ludwig Willdenow in 1802. The species and its two subspecies have acquired a large number of synonyms. Under a synonym of Astragalus microcephalus subsp. microcephalus, Astragalus atenicus, plants occurring in Georgia were assessed as "vulnerable".

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