Brachycephalus curupira is a species of amphibian in the family Brachycephalidae, found in the city of São José dos Pinhais, Paraná, Brazil.

Their striking characteristics are their small size, a maximum of ten millimeters, and their habit of croaking during the day, something not commonly seen in amphibian species. They also have direct development, not passing through the aquatic larval stage.

It was described on July 27, 2017, in the scientific journal PeerJ, by a group of five researchers. Its name is a reference to the folkloric figure Curupira and the difficulty of locating individuals from their vocalization. It has not yet been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), but the researchers classify it as a data deficient species.

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